Nursing Reflection free essay sample

In the context of professional practices reflection is defined as the examination of personal thoughts and actions (David, 2004). In this essay I am reflecting on an incident that happened in my earlier years of working as a professional nurse. The incident I am sharing and the subsequent learning I have gained by reflecting it helped me in the later years of my nursing career. During my career as a professional nurse I have worked in several hospitals also attended several cases and those provided me with lot of insights and leanings. As per NMC 2002 guidelines, for protecting identify of the patient, names have been replaced with pseudo names. For structuring my experience and the subsequent reflection I am using Gibbs (1998) model of reflection as a framework. By using Gibbs (1998) model the practitioner and also take emotions into account. As shown in the below diagram, this model for reflection consists of six stages. We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing Reflection or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Figure : Gibbs reflective cycle. Source : Oxford Brookes University Gibbs reflection starts with describing the incident, analysing the feeling, evaluation of the experience, analysis of the experience, conclusion, what else can be done as the final step also it analyse about the future plan how to approach a similar situation in the future. The incident I want to describe happened during the third year when I was working. When I was working in the causality ward, and an 11 year old named Maria was admitted. From the first sight I figured out that Maria was in great deal of pain and I came to know that she met with an accident. She was conscious and was bleeding profusely. We have done the preliminary examination and found out that one of her legs were fractured. The people who brought her to the causality already left, she was alone and her parents or relatives were not yet reached the hospital. In that stage along with keeping her conscious I was also trying to establish a therapeutic relationship with Maria to create trust and confidence. As a medical professional it is important to build trust and confidence of the patient because it will increase the self-esteem of the patient and helps in diagnosis of the situation and in the process of healing (Hark reader Hogan, 2004). During that time I have noticed that Maria was not responding to my voice and not screaming and shouting like any other children do. For a short time I was wondering the reason for that and I immediately realised that her speaking and hearing was impaired. The situation was much more complicated than I was initially thought, in short I was dealing with a half conscious deaf and dumb girl, having multiple fractures also the possibility of internal bleeding. However as the biggest challenge I felt was her corporation. I can feel from her face that she was very nervous and in pain and also helpless to convey the difficulty she was facing. Feelings For taking the case forward and working with Maria, it is very critical to establish a good connection and communication between us. I remembered that communication could be established not only by verbal exchange but also means such as non-verbal exchange also (Black Chitty, 2007). In Maria’s case non-verbal communication using hand signals was the only way of communication that possible. I have stated completing the essential medical procedures, alongside I was trying to create a rapport with her by showing some hand signals which expresses sympathy and care. When I was with her I always tried to keep an eye contact so that she gets a feeling that I am interested and wanted to help her. According to Caris (1999) eye contact is a good way to communicate the sense of interest in the person one is conversing with. From Marisa’s reaction I figured out that my efforts were giving me good results, she started pointing where all she was feeling pain. Also she tried to tell me the whole chain of events happened using hand gestures. Evaluation From the experience with Maria, spending time with a patient to understand the situation she was actually in one of the critical factors in analysing a medical situation. Also I have developed a patient centric relationship between Maria rather than a task centric relationship. This relationship helped me in gaining the confidence of Maria and gave the best to treat her. Even in my later nursing experiences I have learned that most of the Nurse Patient communication is task centric relationship rather than patient centric relationship. On the contrary Maria and me developed a warm, genuine and empathic relationship as mentioned by Burnard (1990). Analysis I realised that for a patient like Maria adaptive communication skills are important. The establishment of interpersonal communication – communication that exists between two individuals(Funnel, 2005), have played an important role in get to know the situation of Maria better. My attempt to communicate with Maria through non verbal and hand signals helped me in handling and understanding the situation more effectively. White (2005), recommends that a professional nurse should learn alternative languages and methods to communicate with the patient so that she / he could handle the situation better. Further analysing the incident, when a patient is alone away from his / her family they feel insecure. In such situation it is difficult for a nurse or for a doctor to have the confidence of the patient. In the case of Maria also in the beginning she was a bit scared with the hospital environment and me, and I could like any other personal made her cooperate with me continue my work. However, instead I have tried to better understand her situation and build her trust in me. Hence I got an overview of the situation and full corporation from Maria and gained her trust. Furthermore, reflecting on the incident, I felt my approach of being patient centric rather than task centric helped me in giving better treatment to her. Generally many of nurses working with me that time given more preference to task centric approach. I reckon the task centric approach will touch only the surface and many a times using this approach medical professionals only scratch the surface by the guess work and experience rather than getting the inputs from the patient and looking into the matter more deeply. In short, as a conclusion I could effectively give adequate medical attention to Maria by establishing a therapeutic relationship. I realised that patients are different and the ways to handle each of them differently in order to gain the trust and confidence of each other. Also I learned that the practitioner should effectively communicate with the patient both ways such as patient centric communication and task centric communication (McCabe, 2004). In the case of Maria I can conclude that I effectively handled the situation by demonstration various skills such as my approach toward the patient, getting relavent answers, being an active listener, support the emtions of the patient and showing empathy towards the situation of the patient (Walsh, 2005). Action Plan The action plan I have prepared based on the case of Maria is mentioned below. Improving my communication skills : I have learned that communication is the foundation of the relationship (Wood, 2006). So I have decided to improve my communication skills, both verbal and non verbal communication skills and also decided to learn some additional languages. Improve my listening skills: I realised that listening skills are also important as the communication skills. I am trying to improve my listening skills especially I am listening to patients with out making notions or judgements. Handling different kind of patients: This part I consider one of the most critical part I have to take care of. Equip to handle any kind of patient even if they are visually challenged or mentally challenged. Maintain a diary: I also started writing a daily journal that mentions all the major events happed during my time with patients. By writing down the important events happened in my professional career I can always refer back the successes and failures I have made during my career and think how can I improve them next time. I am concluding that the unique learning experience and the reflection of the incident happened in Maria’s case proved very useful in my professional career. I have learned a great deal from this one incident and it made me think out of the box to handle the situation. These kind of incidences and the subsequent reflection made me not only a better professional but also a better person. I reckon myself more organised and I started considering more various other possibilities before I making a choice. Also I started using established models to structure my experiences and include all aspects of it with out missing anything. In Maria’s case Gibbs model enabled me to drill down the various aspects of the incident and enhance the understanding of the situation better. Word Count : 1510

QPO essays

QPO essays In the analysis of GK Per, a strange phenomenon can be observed ¡Xquasi-periodic oscillations (QPO).  ¡QPOs are defined as low-coherence brightness oscillations thought to be associated with material within the inner accretion flows of CVs (Morales-Rueda, Still No consensus has been reached as to a single model for the QPO phenomenon. Theoretical models suggest dense blobs in orbit within the inner disk (Bath 1973), pulsations on the surface of the white dwarf (Papaloizou Godon 1995). However, these models can only account for QPOs of a few hundred seconds. GK Per, on the other hand, has a QPO of several thousand seconds (MSR 1999). To explain this problem, several new models were developed. MSR (1999) apply the magnetospheric ¡Xor beat-frequency ¡Xmodel suggested by Watson, King & Osbourne (1985). Since GK Per has a relatively weak magnetic field, the accretion disk will come very close to the star, completely surrounding the magnetic field. At the inner edge, clumps of plasma will be present. The magnetosphere will keep the clumps from coming closer to the star ¡Xunless the clump moves directly above the poles. When this occurs, t...

Week-3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week-3 - Essay Example The reason as to why I enjoy doing this is to analyze how the court interprets the law, therefore gaining an understanding on how the criminal justice system in United States of America operates. One of the jobs that I don’t enjoy doing is collecting fines, fees and forfeitures from convicted individuals. On this note, while carrying out my duties, I always work on the interesting things first. This is for the purposes of motivating me, and improving my morale so as I may work effectively on the uninteresting job that lies ahead. These interesting jobs are easy for me to handle, this is because I enjoy doing them. On this note, the first tasks accomplished during my work rounds are the easier tasks. However, during the process of my duties, there are always urgent matters and important matters (Carroll, 18). For instance, a magistrate might request for a filed case law for purposes of relying on it to make a decision. This falls under the category of an important matter. An example of an urgent situation is when there remains some few minutes to the closing of government offices, and yet a suspect wants to pay fine in order to gain his or her freedom. Failure to pay at the moment, might result to him or her spending some another day in prison. This is an urgent matter, and as an intern clerk, I would work on the urgent matter first and the concentrate on the important matter because there is sufficient time to handle the issue. Regarding on an important matter, there is no need of waiting for the deadline to approach before working on the issue (Carroll, 13). For instance, as soon as a magistrate requires a file on a previous judgment, it is my duty to look for the file and give it out as soon as possible. This will save my time, and allow me to engage on other duties. On this note, the best way to manage my time is to start by working on the interesting tasks, and thereafter move to

The Federal Reserve Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 3

The Federal Reserve - Essay Example Therefore, in pursuing these functions Fed aim to stabilize prices and attain maximum employment. The Federal Reserve tightened it policy after the country suffered from a 2008-2010 financial crisis. Moreover, the bank increased regulations in the financial sector to check on bank lending behavior that caused the housing bubble to burst. These measures have achieved tremendously as indicated in the recent Beige Book. The economy at a national level is growing, and this shows that the country is on the path out of the financial crisis. The Board says that consumer confidence has increased, and business buoyancy is rising too. The Beige Book (2013) reported that the national economic conditions have expanded during the month of September to October. All the twelve Federal Districts had similar rates of growth, though some like Richmond, Philadelphia, Kansas and Chicago showed slowed growth rate as compared to earlier reports. Moreover, the Districts were optimistic of growth in future economics behaviors, but they also feared uncertainty as a result of increased debate on the debt ceiling and government shutdown. The country has increased consumer spending and people are travelling more in all most all the districts. Furthermore, tourism has also increased, and businesses are now growing. This can be attributed to increased payrolls in many Districts. The Fed reports that there is increased demand for manufacturing activities and nonfinancial services. Residential construction has resumed, and it is increasing pace by pace. The lending rate has remained modest, and there was little change in the financial balances. The agricultural sector has been affected, and most districts reported that drought impacted the sector. The energy sector has expanded, but there has been reduced production of coal. Therefore, the overall price condition and wage was stable and without pressure (Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, 2013). Economic Indicators That Guide I n Stabilizing the Economy Economic indicators are voluminous statistics of the economic conditions that are used by the government in measuring and evaluating the growth of the economy. There are many economic indicators and each function differently from the other. Some indicators have short term effects on the economy while others have short term and long term effects. These indicators include real gross domestic product, money supply, consumer price index, consumer confidence, employment rate and housing starts. Real GDP help the Federal Reserve to know how it will utilize monetary policies to the changes in the economic conditions. Its shows the market cost of a countries goods market produced at the current period. Real GDP shows the country’s wealth by demonstrating the returns on capital and the growth of profit in businesses and service industries. Real GDP, therefore, measures the well being of a country economic activity. Consequently, Fed must use tight monetary po licies to ensure that the interest rate is not below the set target of 2%. Low interest rates render the Federal Reserve policies ineffective in controlling the money supply (Labonte, 2013). Employment is the other economic indicator the Federal Reserve ought to address to maintain the path of economic growth. The employments statistics are derived from the payrolls, retail trade, construction and manufacturing and are used in determining the level of unemployment and the well being of the country. Increase in wages enhances

The Soul Can Not Be Replaced

The Soul Can Not Be Replaced Yes, he is the same person in the earth. I would say that Stelios has same soul even his body was replaced by clone. Some philosophers to conclude that what makes a person remain the same person over time is not the body. Instead, there is something in the body-as immaterial soul or mind-that remains the same even as the body changes. Because a person is a nonmaterial mind or soul, the person can continue to exist after the body dies. Once you have consciousness, you will get your soul. We can imagine someone waking up with a different body, as in the thought experiments where a mind is put in a new body; we say the body is now the person whose mind was transferred, not the person whose body was used. In such cases, the mind has been transferred to a different body, and because the person is the mind, the person merely has a different body. So bodily does not make someone the same person over time. Even our brain and body cells were destroyed. It is supposed to live on after death, s o it will come back, the soul is an image of your physical self that contains your body, and is shaped by your actions. Death is only the loss of the physical self. We can refill the soul with physical matter. Our consciousness was being continued as myself (in my image of reality) comes out on Mars with the same consciousness as we had on Earth. The person that dies doesnt realize it, and as far as he knows, we are the same person but he doesnt feel anything nor exists as anything but a concept. I believed that the soul makes a person remain the same person as time passes .The traditional western view such as Descartes says that each living human body is a soul. This soul is not made out of physical stuff like the body. Instead, the soul is immaterial or spiritual. This soul, in fact, is the self: the me who live inside my body. This soul remains the same as the body changes. Yet as long as the soul remains in my body, I remain the same person. When we were born, for example, we were only one and a half feet tall, skinny, have hair over many parts of our body. But we remain the same person as we go through our lives, though we may change in many small and many large and dramatic ways. This is because we have an immaterial soul in our body. When we were born, we knew nothing. Now we are brilliant. Yet for all these changes, we are still the same person. Part B: What does it mean to be human? We are just animals and that our existence is merely a by-product of purposeless natural causes. We have no our own nature thought free, responsible choices and actions. And as humans are merely a species of animal, we have no intrinsic value. We are human without soul and thinking. Our self in a world where most people are poor, desperate and uneducated, where epidemic disease and famine are regular occurrences. There is no police protection, and as a consequence every man is armed and carries a chip on his shoulder called honor. alcohol and narcotics are freely available to anyone of any age. Dosing your child with laudanum was deemed laudable. men, women, and children working without health insurance, unemployment compensation, safety in the workplace, and with a status a notch above slavery. Unwanted children regularly abandonedsome mercifully to poor houses and orphanages, others left exposed to die. Infant abandonment is rare enough these days to make the front pageback then it was an everyday occurrence. Even if the child was wanted, there would be a good chance that it would not have a mother as she may have died in childbirth or from subsequent bleeding, injuries or infections. Abortion being practiced with little if any government regulation, and what few anti-abortion laws there are being largely unenforced. Imagine due to lack of birth control many women suffering on a yearly basis both the risks of childbirth and its pains (without anesthesia, antiseptics, nor surgical intervention) until either their ability to bear children fails, or they do. And, due to her place in society she has no say on getting pregnant in the first place. Freezing in the winter because there is no really good way of heating a home even if you can afford and obtain the fuel or even have a roof over your head to heat. For such little heat, the air is choked with the fumes of coal and wood. There is no God to determine our nature, so humans have no purpose or nature except the one they make themselves. We are free and fully responsible for what we are; knowing this causes anguish. We are free because we can rely neither on a God nor on society to justify our actions or tell us what we essentially are. We are condemned because, without fixed purpose or a guideline, we must suffer the anguish of our won decision making and accept responsibility for its consequences. This freedom consists of chiefly of our ability to envision additional possibilities for our condition, to conceive of what is not the case, to suspend judgment, and to alter our condition. Therefore, we should make a individual choices, fully aware that we are doing so. We must take full responsibility not only for our actions but also for our beliefs, feelings, and attitudes. Part C: Strange New World This activity and The Matrix have popularized the idea that we may be living in a virtual reality. In The Matrix, people think they are living in a modern city, but they are really bodies stored in vats, wired to a central computer that immerses them in a world of illusion. Yes, we might really do suspect that this world and our lives within it are unreal and being controlled by a computer and not realize it. The world we create is what happens when our program is run on the computer. The world we create is what happens when the computer responds to our messages, when our messages take life through the magic of a central processing unit. As computer programmers, we are very conscious of the transience of our creations. We run our programs. Reality happens. And yet when we turn off our computers, the reality is gone. The physical traces of our program, the magnetic signals on our hard disk that we call a file, are not the reality. What resides on the hard disk not the world we created . The file on the disk is only the way that we freeze our messages so that, at another time, we can issue our commands again without the need of typing them over. Our programs are a reality that happens in response to our commands. When our commands are given, a reality comes into being, only to disappear into nothingness when the computer is turned off, or even when we exit our program. This world is an illusion created by something else, and perhaps our consciousness also comes from something else. We dont know what that something else is, but we can simply call it Ground Reality. I will explore the hypothesis that the world is an illusory construct of a Ground Reality that includes our consciousness. Computer generated virtual reality provides a metaphor that helps us think about this hypothesis. Yes. I would tell I wasnt in a perfect virtual reality machine. No, I cant be sure Im awake. No, I cant be sure Im not inside the Matrix. Yes, its an empty possibility. I believe that there is a reality independent of my experience, but that we can never be sure that we know what it is. We can never be sure that were not living in the Matrix, but if we are, then what we experience is not real. You selected the skeptic response References

Online Shopping

Since the rise and popularization of internet, many websites provide a platform for purchasing things online. These store Apps are designed to assist the user in purchasing the things online while sitting at home and viewing a variety of products. Product categories that are typically targeted by such applications include products from every field of life. Our application will incorporate the effort of common people who have organic farming or the talent of making 100% organic things. The application will provide a platform to the sellers to sell their products with their own identity and price the products accordingly. Our designed platform will help the customers to buy the organic product regarding many fields of life. We will also deal in herbs and a wide range of herbal products will also be sold. Both seller and buyer would be able to communicate with each other using our platform. IntroductionIn history agriculture was done without the use of chemicals but now a day a huge amount of different type of chemicals are used in agriculture to grow things faster. It is causing harm to the environment. With increasing urbanization and modernization there has been an increase in prevalence of using inorganic products that contain harmful material and have several bad effects with some benefits as well. Globally, around 23% of adults aged 18 and over were not active enough in 2015 (men 20% and women 27%) due to inorganic farming. Inorganic farming is a key risk factor for most of the diseases now a day such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer and diabetes and many more. Globally, 1 in 4 adults is the patient of multiple serious diseases. Considering the public health implications it is essential to promote Organic Farming in context of an individual's health and environment. The emerging popularity of Online shopping Apps has presented an interesting challenge to mobile application developers. Applications like these have the potential to motivate its users in saving time and money and breaking a trend of taking out time to go to market and waste so much time to look for product.With the help of our application we will target the common people effort and hard work. The feature that distinguishes our application from others is our target that is common people selling all products made of completely from organic thing not a single amount of chemical is added. We will describe the design, development, and evaluation of an app that will help people to buy products that are made of 100% organic things and of herbs. The common people hard work is targeted and has given a platform where they will buy and sell the organic products and easily get rid of many diseases. This chapter describes the background, problem definition, purpose, goals, scope, methodology and the limitations of this project.BACKGROUNDInorganic and chemically formulated products are significant public health problems worldwide with serious health consequences. Globally, 1 in 4 adults is not active enough due to many diseases. More than 80% of the Pakistan's population is insufficiently physically well. Moreover, Research approves that the causes of many new diseases is this Inorganic farming. But there are some people who work hard in organic farming and make 100% organic things but they don't have any specific platform to bring their talent in-front of the world. This creates a need of online shopping website that will help users to display their products so that the people who want to buy fully organic products could buy from here. Similarly it allows people to buy different products made organic things and herbs regarding different field of life. Moreover, people who don't know how to make organic things at home would be easily able to buy their required products with complete assurance of the products to be organic. Motivation and ScopeThe main motivation of this project is to provide a platform to both sellers and buyers to provide access to homemade things of several different kinds at one place of sellers to sell and buyers to buy.PROJECT SCOPEThe application will be designed to serve in all over Pakistan. Everyone can get benefit from our website irrespective of age and gender.Login- Only the authorized users will be able to access the system through proper log in.Product Category and Items- The admin will add organic items and herbs categories to the system. The seller will add different products to the selected category. The same information could be updated and deleted.View details- The buyer will be a ble to view details of the selected item.Shopping cart- The buyer will place order for more than 1 item and add this information to the cart. The buyer will also be able to modify the information in the shopping cart.Online shopping- The system will allow the user to place order for the selected items regarding his need.Cost calculation and payment- The system will calculate total cost of the item placed in the cart and provide payment options.Seller Profile- This module will allow the user to be registered as seller and will display their products on the platform given by using their own identity.Buyer Profile- This module will allow the user to be registered as a buyer and can view different items uploaded on the website and avail the opportunity of getting different offers and they don't need to give their complete information every time while placing order it would be stored in the system.Feedback- The system will allow the buyer to give their response about the product that the y have used. But only this option will be given to those who have purchased that particular item from the website. There will be no fake feedback.Search- It will be easy for the customer to search the products based on his interest. The search will be done on different categories like seller name, category, price etcRelated Work1.ConaturalSourcing solely the best and most strong ingredients, they select minerals from the Dead Sea, the best plant biological sciences and essential oils and also the highest quality botanical actives to formulate the merchandise. They apprehend that the simplest skin and hair care merchandise square measure made up of minimally processed botanicals: organic or responsibly wild crafted, pure, raw, live, unrefined, and handled fastidiously to not diminish their efficiency. Advantages:-i. They provide organic products in one category i.e. hair and skin care organic products.ii. They provide advice regarding problems of hair and skin. Disadvantages:-i. The range of products available is limited.ii. The products are not 100% organic. And also not products only related to organic is been given. 2. PansariPANSARI on-line store was planned when an exploration and realization that however seasonal medication is vital and the way will we tend to connect back to the current kind of pharmacy that is distant currently. This heritage has virtually been lost and up to date pharmacy took over and folks most well-liked choosing speedy results instead of set their malady during a correct manner and some way that isn't harmful in any suggests that. Nature has most future for North American nation which may profit North American nation in marvelous ways that. Nothing during this universe is while not a value, and this can be what PANSARI is functioning at, to supply quality herbs and remedies to match your needs. Advantages:They provide herbal and related products.They help user to buy multiple things like food supplements, honey, dry fruits and Arq.They also provide Hakim online where people could contact with them.Disadvantages:They provide multiple things that also contain some amount of chemical in them like in supplements and beauty products. That means not 100% organic.A huge variety of things made from organic farming related every field of life is not present.  Organic JiyoOrganic Jiyo was supported to get an easy resolution to a true problem: obtaining reliable organic merchandise was too exhausting and too valuable for thus several in Pakistan; these merchandise weren't without delay offered in grocery stores. Advantages:They provide beauty, grocery, dairy and salads and herbs products.They provide different offers and recipes regarding these products.Disadvantages:The product they provide is not 100% organic.They only work in Lahore.Deals in limited amount of product.  OrganicshopinOrganic Shop is India's largest on-line merchant of organics and natural merchandise. With a baton of over 220 trustworthy organic brands in Asian nation like right down to Earth, Organic Asian nation, Rustic Art, does one Speak inexperienced, seasonal Hills and plenty of additional certified organic and natural brands. Organic look has the simplest assortment of organic, natural, seasonal and ayurvedic merchandise in Asian nation. Advantages:They provide a wide range of organic items related every field of life.Different sorts of offers are also given on itemsDisadvantages:The product present are sold by the brands own name not by the seller's name who have done the hard work to make those product.They only work in India.It cannot be called only organic store different other things like bed sheets, gels, towels, clothes and etc.It is a sort of general store.Goals and objectivesOur goal is to help everyone in recognizing their talent in the field of organic products and to reduce diseases from society. Our target people are those who are looking to perform better in their daily life and to earn some money by having an appropriate platform. This project is about the goodwill of the people. The more people benefit from this project, the more we feel achieved and honoured.? To develop the attention in the organic and herbal products.? To motivate the interest of people who can make herbal and organic products by their knowledge and can easily start getting income from it by staying at home.? To facilitate a connection between seller and buyer directly. We plan to move this project on large scale outside the Pakistan that means world-wide every-one would be able to avail the opportunity of buying 100% organic products and paying in their currencyWe will manage to arrange Hakeem, Doctors and Nutritionist so that people could consult them online. In this way, the tradition of inorganic farming will be replaced by organic farming using modern tools integrated with computation and networking. Online Shopping Since the rise and popularization of internet, many websites provide a platform for purchasing things online. These store Apps are designed to assist the user in purchasing the things online while sitting at home and viewing a variety of products. Product categories that are typically targeted by such applications include products from every field of life. Our application will incorporate the effort of common people who have organic farming or the talent of making 100% organic things. The application will provide a platform to the sellers to sell their products with their own identity and price the products accordingly. Our designed platform will help the customers to buy the organic product regarding many fields of life. We will also deal in herbs and a wide range of herbal products will also be sold. Both seller and buyer would be able to communicate with each other using our platform. IntroductionIn history agriculture was done without the use of chemicals but now a day a huge amount of different type of chemicals are used in agriculture to grow things faster. It is causing harm to the environment. With increasing urbanization and modernization there has been an increase in prevalence of using inorganic products that contain harmful material and have several bad effects with some benefits as well. Globally, around 23% of adults aged 18 and over were not active enough in 2015 (men 20% and women 27%) due to inorganic farming. Inorganic farming is a key risk factor for most of the diseases now a day such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer and diabetes and many more. Globally, 1 in 4 adults is the patient of multiple serious diseases. Considering the public health implications it is essential to promote Organic Farming in context of an individual's health and environment. The emerging popularity of Online shopping Apps has presented an interesting challenge to mobile application developers. Applications like these have the potential to motivate its users in saving time and money and breaking a trend of taking out time to go to market and waste so much time to look for product.With the help of our application we will target the common people effort and hard work. The feature that distinguishes our application from others is our target that is common people selling all products made of completely from organic thing not a single amount of chemical is added. We will describe the design, development, and evaluation of an app that will help people to buy products that are made of 100% organic things and of herbs. The common people hard work is targeted and has given a platform where they will buy and sell the organic products and easily get rid of many diseases. This chapter describes the background, problem definition, purpose, goals, scope, methodology and the limitations of this project.BACKGROUNDInorganic and chemically formulated products are significant public health problems worldwide with serious health consequences. Globally, 1 in 4 adults is not active enough due to many diseases. More than 80% of the Pakistan's population is insufficiently physically well. Moreover, Research approves that the causes of many new diseases is this Inorganic farming. But there are some people who work hard in organic farming and make 100% organic things but they don't have any specific platform to bring their talent in-front of the world. This creates a need of online shopping website that will help users to display their products so that the people who want to buy fully organic products could buy from here. Similarly it allows people to buy different products made organic things and herbs regarding different field of life. Moreover, people who don't know how to make organic things at home would be easily able to buy their required products with complete assurance of the products to be organic. Motivation and ScopeThe main motivation of this project is to provide a platform to both sellers and buyers to provide access to homemade things of several different kinds at one place of sellers to sell and buyers to buy.PROJECT SCOPEThe application will be designed to serve in all over Pakistan. Everyone can get benefit from our website irrespective of age and gender.Login- Only the authorized users will be able to access the system through proper log in.Product Category and Items- The admin will add organic items and herbs categories to the system. The seller will add different products to the selected category. The same information could be updated and deleted.View details- The buyer will be a ble to view details of the selected item.Shopping cart- The buyer will place order for more than 1 item and add this information to the cart. The buyer will also be able to modify the information in the shopping cart.Online shopping- The system will allow the user to place order for the selected items regarding his need.Cost calculation and payment- The system will calculate total cost of the item placed in the cart and provide payment options.Seller Profile- This module will allow the user to be registered as seller and will display their products on the platform given by using their own identity.Buyer Profile- This module will allow the user to be registered as a buyer and can view different items uploaded on the website and avail the opportunity of getting different offers and they don't need to give their complete information every time while placing order it would be stored in the system.Feedback- The system will allow the buyer to give their response about the product that the y have used. But only this option will be given to those who have purchased that particular item from the website. There will be no fake feedback.Search- It will be easy for the customer to search the products based on his interest. The search will be done on different categories like seller name, category, price etcRelated Work1.ConaturalSourcing solely the best and most strong ingredients, they select minerals from the Dead Sea, the best plant biological sciences and essential oils and also the highest quality botanical actives to formulate the merchandise. They apprehend that the simplest skin and hair care merchandise square measure made up of minimally processed botanicals: organic or responsibly wild crafted, pure, raw, live, unrefined, and handled fastidiously to not diminish their efficiency. Advantages:-i. They provide organic products in one category i.e. hair and skin care organic products.ii. They provide advice regarding problems of hair and skin. Disadvantages:-i. The range of products available is limited.ii. The products are not 100% organic. And also not products only related to organic is been given. 2. PansariPANSARI on-line store was planned when an exploration and realization that however seasonal medication is vital and the way will we tend to connect back to the current kind of pharmacy that is distant currently. This heritage has virtually been lost and up to date pharmacy took over and folks most well-liked choosing speedy results instead of set their malady during a correct manner and some way that isn't harmful in any suggests that. Nature has most future for North American nation which may profit North American nation in marvelous ways that. Nothing during this universe is while not a value, and this can be what PANSARI is functioning at, to supply quality herbs and remedies to match your needs. Advantages:They provide herbal and related products.They help user to buy multiple things like food supplements, honey, dry fruits and Arq.They also provide Hakim online where people could contact with them.Disadvantages:They provide multiple things that also contain some amount of chemical in them like in supplements and beauty products. That means not 100% organic.A huge variety of things made from organic farming related every field of life is not present.  Organic JiyoOrganic Jiyo was supported to get an easy resolution to a true problem: obtaining reliable organic merchandise was too exhausting and too valuable for thus several in Pakistan; these merchandise weren't without delay offered in grocery stores. Advantages:They provide beauty, grocery, dairy and salads and herbs products.They provide different offers and recipes regarding these products.Disadvantages:The product they provide is not 100% organic.They only work in Lahore.Deals in limited amount of product.  OrganicshopinOrganic Shop is India's largest on-line merchant of organics and natural merchandise. With a baton of over 220 trustworthy organic brands in Asian nation like right down to Earth, Organic Asian nation, Rustic Art, does one Speak inexperienced, seasonal Hills and plenty of additional certified organic and natural brands. Organic look has the simplest assortment of organic, natural, seasonal and ayurvedic merchandise in Asian nation. Advantages:They provide a wide range of organic items related every field of life.Different sorts of offers are also given on itemsDisadvantages:The product present are sold by the brands own name not by the seller's name who have done the hard work to make those product.They only work in India.It cannot be called only organic store different other things like bed sheets, gels, towels, clothes and etc.It is a sort of general store.Goals and objectivesOur goal is to help everyone in recognizing their talent in the field of organic products and to reduce diseases from society. Our target people are those who are looking to perform better in their daily life and to earn some money by having an appropriate platform. This project is about the goodwill of the people. The more people benefit from this project, the more we feel achieved and honoured.? To develop the attention in the organic and herbal products.? To motivate the interest of people who can make herbal and organic products by their knowledge and can easily start getting income from it by staying at home.? To facilitate a connection between seller and buyer directly. We plan to move this project on large scale outside the Pakistan that means world-wide every-one would be able to avail the opportunity of buying 100% organic products and paying in their currencyWe will manage to arrange Hakeem, Doctors and Nutritionist so that people could consult them online. In this way, the tradition of inorganic farming will be replaced by organic farming using modern tools integrated with computation and networking.

The Malala Debate

The Malala debate There is a groundswell of sympathy for Malala and also a strong demand for the Pakistani state to do something about the issue. Much of the discontent is directed toward the Pakistani Taliban, the extremist group that has claimed responsibility for the shooting and declared it has vowed to kill Malala if she recovers from her injuries. Also, it has issued fresh threats to another girl Hina Khan of Islamabad who is also known for her female rights activism and pro education stance.This threat comes two weeks after the Taliban shot Malala. Hina is originally from the Swat valley but was forced to move with her family to Islamabad in 2006 after she publically criticised the Taliban’s atrocities. The Malala incident has renewed the attention on the plight of women in Afghanistan. Twenty one year old Afghan activist Noorjahan Akbar, who has been leading a fight for women’s rights in Afghanistan, has articulated that Malala’s case will strengthen her and others fight for girl’s rights.Cofounder of a non profit group called Young Women for Change; she has been instrumental in organising trailblazing efforts such as the first Afghan march against street harassment, radio campaigns about gender equality and street posters against child marriage and abuse. This year, her group opened a women’s Internet cafe in Kabul, providing a forum for women to gather and share ideas. Although women in Afghanistan are for the cause of Malala and support her fight but there are many other women activists like Akbar who are fighting for the same cause and not getting the support they deserve.No doubt, Malala’s case is more horrifying as she is young and nobody would look at her as a threat as a 14-year old girl promoting education, no one has heard about Hanifa Safi women activist who was killed this summer. Fifteen girls had acid thrown on their face a couple of years ago but no public protest was held. More than 300 girls wer e poisoned in Afghan schools this summer specifically because they wanted to have access to education; unfortunately no one talks about it. Malala’s case has created a buzz which it deserves and the way its gaining popularity can help to highlight these cases which re otherwise completely ignored. The Civil Society Movements The Malala incident and eventually her cause got support from almost all parts of the World especially from the South Asian Countries where human rights activists, acedemicians, students and members of civil society took to streets to condemn the attack. From Madonna to Angelina Jolie to top Politicians like Hina Rabbani Khar and Rehman Malik, people from all walks and corners of the World are appreciating her courage and have vowed to support her mission to ensure education for girls in Pakistan.The Pakistan government has offered to provide security to Malala when she will return to Pakistan and has promised to provide all necessary help. Even the Sunni clerics in Pakistan have issued a Fatwa against the Taliban, decrying an attack on a girl as un-Islamic, which speaks volumes about Malala and her cause and how people from diverse background are in the same boat for the cause. In a message of defiance to the Taliban, authorities in Swat have decided to rename a government college after Malala. The College offers high school and undergraduate education for 2,000 girl’s and young women.Can this be sustained? Although the cause for women’s rights in Taliban affected areas has been supported by the developing countries and the western world, it has always been very hard to implement it at the grass root level. The women activists or others spreading education or fighting for women’s rights have to face the brunt of the Taliban. Malala’s cause has gained support from every corner, the blog she wrote for BBC with the pseudo name Gul Makai about the poor state of girls in Swat under the Taliban earned her innu merable sympathizers.The International Children’s peace prize in October 2011 and Pakistani first National peace prize further gave recognition to her work and the documentaries made on her added to the popularity. The Taliban feared that she is being held as a hero by the World and thus shot her which only added to more support for her cause. Thus, considering all the above factors and the debate and support she has generated, it is not wrong to say that the momentum evoked by the Malala movement is likely to sustain for a longer period of time and even more so if she returns to Swat and take the battle to its logical end.