Plato's The Republic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Plato's The Republic - Essay Example At the very onset, Socrates expounds on the evils of imitative art, which is "thrice removed from the truth". He sets out to prove his point by saying that anything with a common name is believed to correspond with the same ides. He elaborates using an example - there are plenty of beds and tables but the idea behind the use of the same belongs to one only. It is the same person who makes "not only vessels of every kind, but plants and animals, himself and all other things" he is the maker. It may be possible for anyone to do the same by holding up a mirror, but that would merely be appearances. Thus in the same way a painter is a mere "creator of appearances". Getting back to the example there are three artisans who make it - one is God, who is and always will be the primary source for every conceivable idea, the carpenter who makes the bed for practical use and finally the painter who merely imitates. Therefore he serves no discernible purpose. Socrates says the imitator is always far from the truth. He has but a smattering of knowledge which he parades as the truth and simple folks, who know no better, accept it at face value. Poets are usually thought of as veritable founts of knowledge. Homer, the legendary poet for instance is believed to be knowledgeable man, able administrator and an astute observer of human nature. But if that been the case surely he would have been at the forefront of the events in his day instead of relegating himself to the background Thus one must beware of poetry because it amounts to nothing when stripped of its colors and insidious charm. Thus in a realm where truth has been elevated to the highest possible peak, there is no place for art which is so far removed from truth. Its banishment from the ideal society may however be revoked if it can prove to have its use in upholding truth, morality and virtue instead of detracting from it. PLATO'S VIEWS ON CENSORSHIP Plato through his speaker waxes eloquent on the need for censorship in art. Not only are the artists negligent with regard to truth but they contribute to moral decay as well. These imitators have no knowledge of what is good, bad or truly beautiful; they merely portray what they perceive as the real thing. The common man is carried away by the lure and charm of the arts and has no way or means of piercing this faade. Socrates asserts that the better part of the soul is the one which seeks refuge in rationale. Poetry meanwhile appeals to the baser instincts in man. In the face of calamity most people in the grip of reason would attempt to keep calm, without indulging in wasteful and destructive passions. However in poetry, the protagonist would wallow in despair, bewailing his fate in lengthy oration. The audience will get carried away and forget themselves in the process without realizing that "from the evil of other men something of evil is communicated to themselves." Thus it is imperative that, art which is flippant, morally licentious or just plain ridiculous be firmly uprooted from society before it allows the beast in man to run wild resulting in moral collapse and social ruin. THE WRITER'S VIEW ON THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF ART While Plato's views on the role of art in the republic are convincing and partly

Template Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Template - Essay Example It was located 6km southwest of Samos in a marshy, low river basin next to the sea. The Late ancient Heraion of Samos was the earliest huge freestanding Ionic temples. Its predecessors were found even in the Geometric period of eight century BC. The sanctuary belonged wholly to Samos. The development of the sanctuary was inseparably connected to the political history of Samos. The ceramic existence in the sanctuary points to its existence in the Bronze Age of Mycenaean culture. However, nothing much is known about the sanctuary’s early period except a small fieldstone altar. Lygons tree served as the memorial of the cult. The Samians kept the wooden image of Hera in an open shrine with a protective roof. After Ionian Greeks had migrated to the region in second Millenium, they did not change much for two centuries. In 8th century BC, noteworthy growth in the architecture of the sanctuary took place. The altar obtained a rectangular shape with a southeastern direction. The floor of the sanctuary was paved. To the west, Hekatompedos, the first Hera temple was constructed. In the 7th Century BC, Samos experienced robust development. It had far-reaching trade relationships that extended to the western Mediterranean in the Near East. The Hekatompedos was rebuilt with large-scale and costly plinths. The Samians renovated and enlarged the altar. They also build the South Wall as a border of temenos. Samians consecrated the foremost extensive sculptures in the sanctuary. In the 6th century, high population of the city and concentration of wealth led to sweeping political change in the city. Tyrannies like Demoteles(600 BC) and Polycrates (538-522 BC) took power. The changes in economic and political powers led to huge architectural remodeling as people tried to represent some of the tyrants (Pomeroy, 2009). Costly metal implements like a splendid ivory youth in a dancing posture, Etruscan Bucchero ceramic vessels, Kouros,

Role of Private Sector Organizations in Education Essay

Role of Private Sector Organizations in Education - Essay Example This calls for infrastructure development, and thus huge investment. Despite rapidly increasing government expenditure in education, real expenditures per pupil are increasing. Property-tax relief efforts and calls for more equitable funding across rich and poor school districts have increasingly led states to pick up a greater percentage of education costs. Basic needs for today's market are3: Privatization could provide an appropriate response to public education offering opportunities both for reducing costs and infusing private-sector funds into the education system. Schools are struggling to raise money to maintain existing buildings and to build new schools in order to keep up with increasing enrollment5. Private-sector involvement in education can provide infrastructure, and this may be one of the more politically acceptable methods of, since neither teachers nor students are directly involved. Providing classroom space, buildings, or land, Furnishing or equipping existing classroom space, providing maintenance services and utilities, providing teaching programs, Managing schools or school districts, Negotiating management deals that include provision of infrastructure are some of the issues where private sector can contribute in education6. The emergence of diverse privatization responses to inadequate public resources, coupled with some legislative restructuring ( school choice and open enrollment plans) in public schools, can result in substantial cost savings. Public/private partnerships can increase saving potential, as an alternative to increased taxes and service cuts and in response to growing school enrollments and increasing costs7. In addition, the company may implement a smaller student-teacher ratio, continued teacher training, and increased use of technology teacher's salary and benefits, books, supplies, furniture, equipment etc...8 Another key area where private agencies can make significant contribution is skill training to help children who did not move beyond school education, to come up in life. Private sectors can give away grants and scholarships to deserving candidates. Business organizations can influence the quality of future workers and can encourage improved performance in several ways9: Executive programs, where corporate executives work in specialized areas such as administration, staff development, or resource management. Curriculum renewal programs, where corporate executives work with educators to develop curricula that reflects private-sector technology, standards and practice. Mentor programs, where professionals have linked with individual students. Donation of equipment to schools. Programs between business

Pp2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Pp2 - Essay Example One article praises the quality of Japan’s management style and sates that British managers are trying to learn from the competitive model of Japanese management style. Another article points out the weak aspects of Iranian hospital management. The article helps us to make a detailed comparison with the hospital industries UK and Japan. The literature also illustrates the various reasons why hospital industries in UK and Japan have better management quality than that of other countries like Iran. The majority of developed countries seek convergence of different management styles which are found successful in practical business operation. The article on Iranian hospital management points out the absence of effective interaction between the managers and other employees. Iranian managers maintain exceedingly distinguished position in the organizations which ultimately will have adverse effect on the interpersonal relationship. On the other hand, the managers of other regions main tain comparatively positive approach to knowledge sharing and collective teamwork. As the article states, there is little distance between managers and other individuals in the British style of organizational management. Instead of personal management, rather broad and collaborative information sharing has become the major facet of modern business management. Therefore, the mode of leadership is a significant factor that determines business success. The quality and effectiveness of workforce is subjected to leadership style. HR management should be the major concern business strategy. Successful companies spend time and effort to develop their managerial functions. Countries like Iran need to heed their genuine concern to research on other organizational cultures and business management styles. The first part of the research is to investigate the common theories associated with the organizational management. The theory part will be helpful in order to

Strategic managment report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Strategic managment report - Essay Example This paper will discuss the relevance of the organizational paradigms to the implementation of strategic management processes. Organizational Paradigms It is essential for the modern day organizations to take into account the understanding and interpretation of the concept of organizational paradigm. The word 'paradigm' pertains to the description of distinct thought patterns or concepts being applied. It refers to the exemplar or the pattern of any structure or object, which distinguishes the particular object from other objects. Through this term, it is understood that the term 'organizational paradigm' refers to the arrangement of the organizational structure and activities into such patterns that make it stand out from the other similar companies in the corporate world. All the paradigms of an organization are alive and possess their own weaknesses and strengths. Some of the traditional organization paradigms include circle, hierarchy, bureaucracy, and network paradigms (Hailin, 2009). All these paradigms involve various ways in which tasks are performed and people coordinate in the organizations. However, nowadays, these conventional paradigms have experienced a shift and are moving towards the integration of all these conventional paradigms in an organization. ... The conventional organizations focused on their internal functions, while after experiencing the paradigm shifts, the organizations are now more focused on the competitive environments around them. They now create potential markets for the future instead of concentrating merely on the current market competition. Organizational Paradigm and Strategic Management Process From the time period of 1960s and to date, the corporate environment has altered and been modified to a large extent. Various driving forces such as increasing innovation in telecommunications, enhancing employee diversity, boosted public consciousness and globalization have made the organizations more socially responsible. Thus, they have adopted a ‘new paradigm’ whereby they are more flexible, sensitive, and adaptable to the expectations and demands of stakeholders. Therefore, in order to integrate the new shifts into their business processes and activities, the organizations have blended the paradigm shi fts into their strategic management process (Hailin, 2009). The business organizations that are strategically managed tend to analyse the significant initiatives which are adopted by the top management and which involve the performance and resources in the external business environments. The entire process of strategic management entails formulating and implementing a mission, vision, objectives, the development of plans and policies, resource allocations and programs and projects in the organization. Unlike the conventional planning processes, the contemporary organizations now plan and develop their mission, vision and objectives keeping in view the application of information technology resources, analysis of the external and internal corporate

Ethnography-Mock at KFC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethnography-Mock at KFC - Essay Example I studied my ethnography research at KFC in a local mall. It was Sunday and I was at the Dolmen Mall around 1 pm. Dolmen Mall is one of the biggest malls down here in New York. KFC was located in the food court on the first fourth floor of the mall. There were a lot of stalls that had covered the entire fourth floor. The stalls were juxtaposed with each other. In front of the stalls, there were tables and chairs and a comfortable seating area arranged for visiting family. The total number of stalls in the area was 25. The stalls belonged to various genres from coffee to desserts to donuts to fast food to continental to oriental food. KFC was stationed right in the center of the food court. On the left side, it had Mr. Burger and on the right side, it had McDonald's. The staff at KFC was mostly young. I felt that the primary reason behind the young staff at KFC was the less pay per hour. The stall was crowded as it was a weekend afternoon. People from different ethnic and religious ba ckgrounds were frequenting to the stalls. I noticed a gang of friends seated comfortably in a stall in front of KFC. They were happily laughing and chatting away. This group of friends was between 15-16 years. It comprised of 4 boys and three girls. They were cracking jokes, and playing with cell phones. One of the girls was meddling with her clutch to take out a mobile phone. I have noticed that men usually carry cell phones in their pants while women carry it in their handbags. I also observed their table manners and concluded that females were better behaved compared to their male counterparts. The conversations that flowed were very colorful. They ranged from cars to food to college gossip to relation statuses. I noticed men were the ones with the greater sense of humor as they would be the one cracking most of the jokes. Girls, however, were more prompt with their insight into the latest gossip and happenings in college.   1) Frame the study as a larger theoretical, policy, o r practical problem. The study will help frame marketing plans at the mall according to the type of gentry that visits it. 2) Pose initial ethnographic research questions. (aside from essential question) Where is it located? What kind of interiors are there? What kind of people is visiting? What kind of conversations is following? How are they behaving? What is the general mood like? What are the differences between the ways in which the guy is interacting and the way in which the guys are interacting?

I can't believe that this was once a syllabus Essay

I can't believe that this was once a syllabus - Essay Example This system was firmly rooted on the belief that, for a successful learning and teaching to be aptly upheld, scientific study methods must be put into consideration. Through the application of these scientific methods by Tyler on students in various primary, college and tertiary levels, he singled out the critical evaluation of these students’ behaviours. The principles of the curriculum and instruction was later portrayed as the most appropriate and effective way of educational achievement and failure within students. This was brought into existence by this great qualitative and quantitative researcher after as well into appraisals and records of the students’ performance. This research paper explains the basic principles of curriculum and instruction by Ralph W. Tyler. It also illustrates the new knowledge, validity of his research as well as the application of the recommendations of this syllabus in the contemporary American social settings. The settings are in relat ion to the macro-society based on the educational institutions new knowledge in regard to Ralph syllabus. The new knowledge in the contemporary world, while considering Tyler’s principles and instructions provides a valid evidenced based research by students. It as well enhances effectiveness regarding the progress of students towards educational objectives appropriately and in a well organised manner. The American history of curriculum though started from a primitive syllabus has over the years developed into a more complex one. The curriculum in the contemporary America has developed various considerations into the education system where all the students express their views in terms of what they feel is good for them career wise. This is one of the education techniques Tyler advocates for in his principles of curriculum and instructions. He believes every student is entitled to the profession of his/her choice, therefore, argues that the selection of an evaluation technique should be made in relation to the suitability and not inappropriateness of the technique or the kind of behaviour in the appraisal system. The learning techniques major determinant in the new knowledge generation in the United States is majorly students’ behaviour and attitude towards a subject or even the entire system of education. This was the initial belief of Tyler while putting down his research work on the basic principles of curriculum and instructions for the primary, secondary and tertiary education systems in the United States. In the contemporary American society, the education system is objective based. This is where the students are given freedom by the curriculum based on the selection of their subjects’ career wise. This is one of the greatest milestones covered towards the implementations of Ralph’s curriculum and instructions in the American education system. The new knowledge in America, in continuation, is of the following basic principles b rought into existence by Ralph: the principle of establishment of a useful learning experience and the principle of defining effective and appropriate learning objectives. The other principle includes the evaluation of the curriculum and revising the aspects of the syllabus that have not been effective throughout the whole academic year. Lastly the principle of the organisation of the learning skills to be in line with at least a maximum cumulative effectiveness is among